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Compare Ghana (2006) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004)

Compare Ghana (2006) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004)

 Ghana (2006)Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004)
 GhanaSaint Pierre and Miquelon
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure 0-14 years: 38.8% (male 4,395,744/female 4,288,720)


15-64 years: 57.7% (male 6,450,828/female 6,483,781)


65 years and over: 3.5% (male 371,428/female 419,071) (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 24.6% (male 878; female 840)


15-64 years: 64.9% (male 2,316; female 2,227)


65 years and over: 10.5% (male 323; female 411) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products cocoa, rice, coffee, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, corn, shea nuts, bananas; timber vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports 12 (2006) 2 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 7


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2006)
total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
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Area total: 239,460 sq km


land: 230,940 sq km


water: 8,520 sq km
total: 242 sq km


land: 242 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oregon 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Formed from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Togoland trust territory, Ghana in 1957 became the first sub-Saharan country in colonial Africa to gain its independence. A long series of coups resulted in the suspension of the constitution in 1981 and a ban on political parties. A new constitution, restoring multiparty politics, was approved in 1992. Lt. Jerry RAWLINGS, head of state since 1981, won presidential elections in 1992 and 1996, but was constitutionally prevented from running for a third term in 2000. John KUFUOR, who defeated former Vice President Atta MILLS in a free and fair election, succeeded him. First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate 30.52 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 14.15 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $3.216 billion


expenditures: $3.506 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.)
revenues: $70 million


expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
Capital name: Accra


geographic coordinates: 5 33 N, 0 13 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Saint-Pierre
Climate tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline 539 km 120 km
Constitution approved 28 April 1992 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Ghana


conventional short form: Ghana


former: Gold Coast
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon


conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon


local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon


local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency - euro (EUR)
Death rate 9.72 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $6.999 billion (2005 est.) NA (2003 est.)
Dependency status - self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Carlin YATES


embassy: 6th and 10th Lanes, 798/1 Osu, Accra


mailing address: P. O. Box 194, Accra


telephone: [233] (21) 775-347, 775-348


FAX: [233] (21) 701-813
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Fritz Kwabena POKU


chancery: 1156 15th St. NW #905, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 785-1379


FAX: [1] (202) 785-1430


consulate(s) general: New York
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international Ghana struggles to accommodate returning nationals who worked in the cocoa plantations and escaped fighting in Cote d'Ivoire none
Economic aid - recipient $6.9 billion (1999) approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview Well endowed with natural resources, Ghana has roughly twice the per capita output of the poorer countries in West Africa. Even so, Ghana remains heavily dependent on international financial and technical assistance. Gold, timber, and cocoa production are major sources of foreign exchange. The domestic economy continues to revolve around subsistence agriculture, which accounts for 34% of GDP and employs 60% of the work force, mainly small landholders. Ghana opted for debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) program in 2002, but was included in a G-8 debt relief program decided upon at the Gleneagles Summit in July 2005. Priorities under its current $38 million Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) include tighter monetary and fiscal policies, accelerated privatization, and improvement of social services. Receipts from the gold sector helped sustain GDP growth in 2005 along with record high prices for Ghana's largest cocoa crop to date. Inflation should ease but remains a major internal problem. Ghana also remains a candidate country to benefit from Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) funding that could assist in transforming Ghana's agricultural export sector. A final decision on its MCC bid is expected in spring 2006. The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption 5.081 billion kWh (2003) 39.08 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 400 million kWh (2003) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 500 million kWh (2003) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 5.356 billion kWh (2003) 42.03 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Afadjato 880 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues recurrent drought in north severely affects agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; poaching and habitat destruction threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
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Ethnic groups African 98.5% (includes Akan 44%, Moshi-Dagomba 16%, Ewe 13%, Ga 8%, Gurma 3%, Yoruba 1%), European and other 1.5% (1998) Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates cedis per US dollar - 9,072.5 (2005), 9,004.6 (2004), 8,677.4 (2003), 7,932.7 (2002), 7,170.8 (2001) euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.0626 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held December 2008)


election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.7%
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005)


head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports NA bbl/day NA (2001)
Exports - commodities gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminum, manganese ore, diamonds fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners Netherlands 12.6%, UK 8.3%, US 6.7%, Belgium 5.8%, France 5.7%, Germany 4.5% (2005) US 42.9%, Ecuador 28.6%, Canada 14.3%, France 14.3% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - purchasing power parity - $48.33 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 36.6%


industry: 24.6%


services: 38.7% (2005 est.)
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $6,900 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.9% (2005 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 8 00 N, 2 00 W 46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake vegetation scanty
Highways - total: 114 km


paved: 69 km


unpaved: 45 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.2%


highest 10%: 30.1% (1999)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; major transit hub for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and, to a lesser extent, South American cocaine destined for Europe and the US; widespread crime and money laundering problem, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center -
Imports NA bbl/day NA (2001)
Imports - commodities capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners Nigeria 15.4%, China 12.7%, US 6.4%, UK 5.3%, Netherlands 4.1%, South Africa 4.1% (2005) France 51%, Canada 31.4%, Italy 11.8% (2003)
Independence 6 March 1957 (from UK) none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate 3.8% (2000 est.) NA
Industries mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing, cement, small commercial ship building fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 55.02 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 59.56 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 50.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
total: 7.76 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.91 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 15.1% (2005 est.) 2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, C, ECOWAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO UPU, WFTU
Irrigated land 310 sq km (2003) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force 10.62 million (2005 est.) 3,261 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 60%


industry: 15%


services: 25% (1999 est.)
fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,094 km


border countries: Burkina Faso 549 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo 877 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 17.54%


permanent crops: 9.22%


other: 73.24% (2005)
arable land: 13.04%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 86.96% (2001)
Languages English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga) French (official)
Legal system based on English common law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (230 seats; note - increased from 200 seats in last election; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held December 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 128, NDC 92, other 10
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5


note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 58.87 years


male: 58.07 years


female: 59.69 years (2006 est.)
total population: 78.28 years


male: 75.97 years


female: 80.7 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 74.8%


male: 82.7%


female: 67.1% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 99%


female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references Africa North America
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 6,308 GRT/9,418 DWT


by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2


foreign-owned: 1 (Brazil 1) (2006)
none
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Ghanaian Army, Ghanaian Navy, Ghanaian Air Force (2006) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $83.65 million (2005 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.8% (2005 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 6 March (1957) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Ghanaian(s)


adjective: Ghanaian
noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)


adjective: French
Natural hazards dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower, petroleum, silver, salt, limestone fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate -0.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -4.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines oil 13 km; refined products 316 km (2006) -
Political parties and leaders Convention People's Party or CPP [Nii Noi DOWUONA, general secretary]; Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA, chairman]; Great Consolidated Popular Party or GCPP [Dan LARTY]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary]; New Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People's Convention Party or PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman]; People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel Alexander ERSKINE]; People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA]; Reform Party [Kyeretwie OPUKU, general secretary] PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 22,409,572


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
6,995 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 31.4% (1992 est.) NA
Population growth rate 2.07% (2006 est.) 0.26% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 49, shortwave 3 (2001) AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways total: 953 km


narrow gauge: 953 km 1.067-m gauge (2005)
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Religions Christian 63%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 21% Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway


domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed


international: country code - 233; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use 321,500 (2005) 4,800 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2.842 million (2005) 0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 10 (2001) 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate 3.99 children born/woman (2006 est.) 2.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1997 est.) 9.8% (1997)
Waterways 1,293 km


note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta (2005)
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